人民币汇率“六连涨”折射中国经济向好预期******
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世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开,“虽有狂风骤雨,更有辽阔深邃和澎湃动力”。全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神,充分认识并切实用好我国经济发展的多方面比较优势和有利条件,继续夯实“稳”的基础,持续增强“进”的动能,在更周全的“稳”与更高质量的“进”良性互动中推动高质量发展,中国经济定将不断焕发新气象,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家开好局、起好步。
2023年开年6个交易日,人民币对美元汇率中间价走出“六连涨”,进入6.7元区间。1月9日,人民币对美元中间价报6.8265,创下2022年8月22日以来新高,调升647个基点。当日离岸、在岸人民币盘中双双收复6.8元关口。1月10日,人民币对美元中间价报6.7611,再次大幅上调654个基点。这轮自2022年11月开启的人民币对美元汇率中间价反弹回升,至此已累计上涨超6%。
从去年末到今年开年至今,人民币汇率走出了一波反弹回升行情。2022年底以来的人民币汇率大幅反弹、境外资本流入持续增长,充分反映了国际金融市场坚定看好我国经济发展。特别是近期,得益于稳增长政策显效,经济活动加快恢复,给予我国资产乃至人民币汇率更多溢价,人民币汇率得以在一篮子货币中走势领先。不仅是汇率市场,在经济复苏预期的支撑下,全球投资者对人民币资产更是表现出极大热情。展望2023年,国内经济运行有望总体回升,对人民币汇率将构成强有力支撑。
消费正在回暖,中国经济企稳反弹明朗。去年以来,我国经济发展面临不小的困难挑战,经济恢复的基础尚不稳固,疫情仍是影响经济平稳运行的重要因素,需求收缩、供给冲击、预期转弱三重压力仍然较大。应当看到,这些问题是前进中的困难挑战,我国经济韧性强、潜力大、活力足,长期向好的基本面没有变。
在刚刚过去的元旦小长假期间,全国各地烟火气升腾、百业回暖。相关部门的数据作出了有力的说明——元旦假期全国铁路日均发送旅客较去年11月份增长109%;国内旅游收入265.17亿元,同比增长4.0%;新年首日,全国营业影院数量创下近10个月以来的新高;“2023全国网上年货节”首日,全国网络零售额452亿元,比去年年货节首日增长了6.5%。
尽管疫情并未完全结束,但生活正在被一点点焐热,消费正在加快回暖,传递出中国经济向上向好的积极信号。面向崭新的2023年以及更长远的未来,只要我们内心笃定,充满信心,坚持稳字当头、稳中求进,中国经济这艘巨轮就一定能够逆风而上、奋楫扬帆,在向上、向好、向着高质量发展的道路上稳健前行。
宏观政策是推动经济恢复、企稳向上的重要保障手段,也是促进经济社会发展提质增效的重要激励工具。2022年我国综合施策,坚持阶段性措施和制度性安排相结合、组合式手段并举。中国经济航船能在外部风浪的多轮冲击下保持平稳运行,一条重要经验就是持续强化政策联动,一系列宏观政策靠前发力、精准有力、形成合力,不断巩固经济回稳向上的基础。经过应对内外部各种冲击挑战的实践,宏观调控举措更加丰富,政策储备工具更加充足,各方面准备更加充分。
2022年中央经济工作会议强调“积极的财政政策要加力提效”,2023年要适度加大政策扩张的力度,提高政策效能,更好发挥财政撬动社会资金的杠杆作用;强调“稳健的货币政策要精准有力”,今年货币政策力度要够,保持流动性合理充裕,投向结构要精准,尤其要支持小微企业、科技创新、绿色发展等领域;强调“产业政策要发展和安全并举”“科技政策要聚焦自立自强”“社会政策要兜牢民生底线”。坚持系统观念、做好统筹兼顾,加大宏观政策实施力度,加强各类政策协调配合,就能形成共促高质量发展的合力。
世界之变、时代之变、历史之变正以前所未有的方式展开,“虽有狂风骤雨,更有辽阔深邃和澎湃动力”。全面贯彻落实党的二十大精神,充分认识并切实用好我国经济发展的多方面比较优势和有利条件,继续夯实“稳”的基础,持续增强“进”的动能,在更周全的“稳”与更高质量的“进”良性互动中推动高质量发展,具有长期向好前景的中国经济定将不断焕发新气象,为全面建设社会主义现代化国家开好局、起好步。
中新网评:处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******
中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称,将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对,企图将核污水“一倒了之”,把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。
资料图:日本福岛第一核电站。2011年,福岛核电站事故发生后,大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋,对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害,数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日,作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。
日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由,在2021年4月13日,正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多,日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。
日本政府辩称,这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全,甚至“可以喝”,这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。
事实上,经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质,核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收,长期来看,将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁,最终危害人类健康。
因此,核污水排海计划推出后,遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示,福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中,约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场,反对该计划。
日本政府认为,核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案,但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海,核污水会随着洋流流动,其影响势必会跨越国界,危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。
《韩国经济新闻》发文称,相关研究认为,福岛核污水如果排放入海,约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域,该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。
德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告,若日本将所有核污水排入海中,不到半年,整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁,包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。
日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国,有义务保护海洋环境。然而,在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上,日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。
国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估,但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论,并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下,日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设,这是极不负责任的行为。
太平洋不是日本的下水道,日本必须正视各方合理关切,在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后,制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远,若只顾眼前,执意将核污水排放入海,不仅其自身,周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单,其后果必将会危害数代人。
Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business
By John Lee
(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.
Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.
The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.
On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.
The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.
In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.
Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.
The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.
The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.
The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.
According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.
As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.
However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.
Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.
The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.
If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.
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